The Sustainable Tourism Management
Tourism is a business which has been popular. There is in every country. Nowadays tourism industry is important for economy and development of every country because it is a good way to lead main income to the country including Thailand. Tourism takes place from human behavior in interest on cultural and natural resource, so attractions are always cultural and natural area. The factors that stimulate people to take a trip are identity of the attractions. Tourism is influential and important factor to lead revenue to the country, so good tourism management is also important for assistant in the right way. The tourism management has to concern on sustainable tourism as following discussion:
Tour operator could manage tourism sustainably by using four factors. The first factor of sustainable tourism management is knowledge in economy and society. If we know on economic direction, it can tell us how tourism business is going on such as percentage of tourism jobs, wages, marketing, promotion costs, and tourism investment. For example, Thailand promotes domestic tourism inside country because domestic tourism leads income to get into the country such as promotion costs/wages for domestic people and leading for investment of foreigners who would like to open business in the country. For society, sustainable tourism management has to concern in impaction for society such as number of resident, amount of crime, and average length of stay. For example, there are lots of people who are from abroad stay at area of attractions in Thailand. It makes the attractions are not enough for stay and take place problem in uncomfortable resident.
Moreover, factor of sustainable tourism management is good management system. It consists of tourists, attractions, transportation, accommodation, and service. Sustainable tourism need to think about amount of tourists because tour guide can take care all tourists for tourists would not do something wrong to attractions. For example, when there are 10 tourists who travel in Wat Chai Watthanaram should be taken care all, nobody damages it. Attraction place, both tour operator and people who live nearby the attraction should corporate together for sustainable attraction improvement and still has identity. For transportation, accommodation, and service should pay attention for tourist’s convenience and avoidance environmental effect in society.
In addition, cultural and natural resource is factor for sustainable tourism management. The cultural resource is resource which can attract tourist’s interest highly. Sustainable tourism management needs to concern how to take identity or original tradition to use for extreme benefits and keeping for being sustainability because it leads to be stable in tourism. For example, there is home stay in Nakornsawan Province that bring the way of Thai life to be prominent point for attract tourists such as Thai massage, food, and routine of work. It causes both the community and tourism can aid and support each other. Every attraction is from natural resource, so it means natural resource is the most important factor that makes tourism business to be going on. Nowadays lots of attractions are affected by no sense of tourists. We should help to develop damaged natural resource to be better by concentration of tourism facilities and tourist activities. For example, Koh Samed in Rayong Province is being developed by cover up it for develop destroyed natural resource as formerly. It will be cover up about two months for development. After then Thailand Tourism Ministry will make new rule in limitation on amount of tourists for easy controlling and improve its natural resource sustainably. It leads benefits for both the community which is in it and tourism industry.
Furthermore, unless the mention factor is above, tour operator has to use “Ecotourism” to manage tourism sustainably, too. Ecotourism can help us to encourage an understanding of impacts of tourism on the natural, culture and human environment for being the indicator to solve problem in tourism. Sustainable tourism management emphasizes cooperation with community. It causes generate local employment, profitable domestic industry, local transportation, communications, and other basic community infrastructures. We call them that
“Support Each Other”. For example, in Australia, there are lots of tourism businesses that are like ecotourism business. Australia obtains in successful ecotourism because the identities of the country are experience wildlife and natural-based outdoor recreational activities. They can manage balance of natural resource with sustainable tourism management. It causes their stable natural resource and lead lots of revenue to Australia and Australian.
However, tour operator need to know and understand on tourism impacts for sustainable tourism management. Tourism impacts are in terms of the economy and society. Economic aspects concern issue of employment, balance of payments, and foreign exchange. For example, tourists buy goods and services when they travel. They spend directly to employment, tax revenues, accommodation, food, entertainment, and souvenirs. All of these make cash flow in the country which is an economy’s destination. If we do not understand in tourism impacts, unplanned and mismanaged, it will be beginning to serious economy, social conflict, and environmental pollution. For example, some tour operator does not care about the season of leathery turtles in laying eggs and still takes a trip to disturb them; it will affect them and make its natural resource to wasted balance.
In conclusion, sustainable tourism management of tour operator should manage by knowledge on economy and society, good management system, understanding cultural and natural resource, and ecotourism. All of these are the guide way to assist us to have long sustainable tourism management. We should implant on knowledge and understanding in correct sustainable tourism resource management for next generations. They should know and love the value of cultural and natural resource in tourism, pay attention in society and environment, and learn how to manage sustainable tourism. If we can maintain sustainable tourism, we will have resources for being identity in tourism in the future.